Items receiving low Specificity ratings included item 11 (Agitation), item 19 (Concentration Difficulty), and item 21 (Loss of Interest in Sex). Data Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. The BDI-II includes 21 items, each of which corresponds to a symptom of depression. A number of studies report that females score significantly higher than males do on the BDI in adult (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996) and adolescent populations (Kumar, Steer, Teitelman, & Villacis, 2002; Osman, Kopper, Guttierez, Barrios, & Bagge, 2004; Steer, Kumar, Ranieri, & Beck, 1998). Current address: Escuela de Psicologa, Pontifica Universidad Catlica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros, Repblica Dominicana. Grothe, K.B., Dutton, G.R., Jones, GN., Bodenlos, J., Ancona, M., & Brantley, P.J. This method has demonstrated to be statistically more powerful for controlling Type 1 error compared to Bonferroni adjustment [52]. Measures of depression and depressive symptoms: Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Completion Time:: 5 to 10 minutes; self-administered or verbally by a trained administrator. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 11(2), 99-112. http://www.who.int/mental_health/dominican_republic_who_aims_spanish.pdf. Cohen, J.A., Mannarino, A.P., & Knudsen, K. (2004). Furthermore, since research indicates that depression symptoms response differentially to treatment [57] the use of BDI-II global score alone as a measure to detect changes in response to treatment may obscure the impact of interventions. Steer, R.A., Kumar, G., Ranieri, W.F., & Beck, A.T. (1998). [13] compared a unidimensional model, three alternative two-factor models and three bifactor models including an independent general depression factor and specific factors. Storch, E.A., Roberti, J.W., & Roth, D.A. Smarr KL, Keefer AL. Psychol Assess. (2003). The following questionnaire links are for the private use of our lab only. The original BDI consisted of 21 items, each of which corresponded to a symptom of depression. Beck Depression Inventory-II. The original BDI, first published in 1961, consisted of twenty-one questions about how the subject has been feeling in the last week. A PsychInfo search of Beck Depression Inventory or BDI AND trauma yielded 681 peer-reviewed journal articles (6/05). The BDI-II can be administered orally by an examiner to those with reading difficulties or problems with concentration. The items on the BDI-II were developed to assess an individual's depressive symptoms based on DSM-IV criteria for depressive disorders. The Beck Depression Inventory - Second Edition (BDI-II) is a 21-item self-report measure designed to measure severity of depression consistent with symptoms of depression as presented in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association 1994) in both adolescents aged 13 years and older and adults (Beck et al. lack of information when it comes to applying the test to other medias. In addition, Beck's theory is based on a triad that encompasses behavior, antecedent events and consequences. This depression inventory can be self-scored. Today, BDI is considered one of the vital . (1961). No, Is the Subject Area "Primary care" applicable to this article? The measure has been found to be useful in detecting change in treatment-outcome studies. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of "Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder" and "7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety.". Among women who have experienced intimate partner violence, those with comorbid PTSD and Major Depression show higher levels of symptomatology on the BDI-II than those with PTSD alone and those with no PTSD or Major Depression (Nixon, Resick, Nishith, 2004). Although the age range for the measure is from 17 to 80, the measure has been used in peer-reviewed studies with younger adolescents . In this study we are using the Spanish version of Beck Depression Inventory-II [44], which has an excellent reliability coefficient of .92. There are different versions of the BDI: the original BDI which was published in 1961 and then revised in 1971 (BDI-1A), and the BDI-II which was published in 1961 (Wikipedia, 2007). The current version of the inventory and its predecessors has been shown to be reliable and valid across a wide age range of samples.1 Additionally, the BDI-II and previous versions have been standardized in different countries and cultures. Similarly, McElroy et al. From a practical standpoint, the lack of assessment tools for depression may not make available protocols for early identification of depression symptoms at primary care units. Indeed, Hunt et al [63] demonstrated that subjects who administered a manipulated version of BDI-II in which the purpose was disguised and the content was padded with items that not tap depression symptoms, scored significantly higher than subjects who completed the original scale. Can be administered with the BDI-II and the BHS for a more complete evaluation. International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 9(1), 22-28. You need to invest in your inventory. Factor structure, concurrent validity, and internal consistency of the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition in a sample of college students. In particular, Model 1 assumes depression as a unitary construct and, therefore, all BDI-II items were allowed to load into a single factor (Depression) [20]; Model 2 tested a two-factor model represented by cognitive-affective and somatic factors [45]; Model 3 tested the original two-factor model identified by Beck et al. . Chandra Ghosh Ippen, Ph.D., Connie Wong, M.A. The majority of studies conducted with adolescents have been predominantly Caucasian and have not included large numbers of individuals of lower socio-economic status. Contreras, S., Fernanedez, Senaida, Malcarne, V.L., Ingram, R.E., & Vaccarino, V.R. Scores on BDI-II discriminated between clinical and general population, supporting for external validity. Roles Some people may underestimate their level of distress, while others may exaggerate their symptoms. Fourth, it has been suggested that bifactor models are more robust to model misspecification (e.g., substantive cross-loadings) than multidimensional or hierarchical CFA models [64] which may result in bias in favor of bifactor models and, consequently, to explain why such measurement models outperform conventional CFA models. Although they used the original BDI in this study, they suggested that results would generalize to the BDI-II given the overlap between the two. Items are summed to create a total score, with higher scores indicating higher levels of depression. This population consisted of 67 females and 53 males with a mean age of 19.58 (SD=1.84) and was predominately Caucasian. Thus, even using the exactly same words the interpretation and meaning may be quite different [45]. It has been translated into languages other than English, and its psychometric properties have been established in numerous cultural groups including the deaf population. Five screening items reduce the length and the intrusiveness of the questionnaire for patients who are nonsuicidal. www.ub.uib.no/elpub/2001/h/308003/Hovedoppgave.pdf. Psychological Assessment, 17(1), 110-114. 2017;14(1):30-36. doi:10.4306/pi.2017.14.1.30, Phan T, Carter O, Adams C, et al. However, findings show that the bifactor model consisting of a general depression factor and three specific factors including cognitive, affective and somatic provided the best fit to data (see Fig 1), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199750.g001, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199750.t001, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199750.t002. Publication Date: 1988, 1993 The nine items of the PHQ-9 are based directly on the nine diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder in the DSM-IV. (1998). Confirmatory factor analyses with adolescent psychiatric inpatients (Osman et al., 2004) identified a 2-factor solution as the most parsimonious and interpretable. Within the hospital sample, 76.5% came in for routine checkups, 15.3% sought help for cardiac and hypertension conditions and 8.2% went to the psychiatric service. By doing so, bifactor models represent a useful strategy to examine if a construct of interest can be viewed primarily as unidimensional or multidimensional and, subsequently, the way in which scores should be computed. Author: Aaron T. Beck. You will need to add up the score reported for each of the 21 questions ranging from zero to three. They found good internal consistency and factoral validity, with factor analysis identifying a general dimension of depression and two related factors, cognitive-affective and somatic-motivational, similar to the factor structure reported in the BDI-II manual. Published 2020 Apr 20. doi:10.1038/s41398-020-0787-9. Osman, Kopper, Guttierez, Barrios, & Bagge (2004) studied the content validity of the BDI-II by having 10 experts rate the relevance and specificity of items for DSM-IV Major Depressive Disorders. Criterion validity, severity cut scores, and test-retest reliability of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in a university counseling center sample. An inventory for measuring depression. The authors suggested that the measures assess different underlying aspects of the construct of depression, with the CES-D assessing more of an affective component and the BDI assessing more of a cognitive component. According to this index, those models that present values lower than AIC provide a better fit. Please contact the author of the questionnaire for use permissions. The authors claimed that only two of the first-order factors, Cognitive and Somatic-Affective, were generalizable. Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Mendelson, M., Mock, J., & ERBAUGH, J. The BDI includes 21 items, each of which corresponds to a symptom of depression. Several factor structure models, including one-factor, two-factor, three-factor and bifactor models were tested with the purport to determine the optimal factor structure. The BDI-II has been referenced in 586 publications in peer-reviewed journal articles. No, PLOS is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation, #C2354500, based in San Francisco, California, US, Corrections, Expressions of Concern, and Retractions, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199750, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs369/es/, http://www.pearsonpsychcorp.es/archivos/13373230291.pdf. Clinica y Salud, 14(3), 249-280. International Journal of Stress Management, 12(1), 29-42. First, to determine the most appropriate BDI-II factor structure by examining several competing factor models that have been reported in previous studies. The mean age was 37.20 (SD=15.91). Scoring files were written in the R statistical programming language by John Curtin and are free for reuse. Cole, J.C., Grossman, I., Prillman, C., & Hunsaker, E. (2003). The Beck Depression Inventory or BDI is an assessment method to evaluate the most important symptoms of depression. e/ Pros/ Cons of Psychotherapy. We will write a custom Assessment on Beck Depression Inventory, Its History and Benefits specifically for you. 3 I am so sad and unhappy that I can't stand it. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199750.t003. References. Thus, future investigation should examine the robustness of BDI-II against social desirability responses in order to ensure a correct interpretation of the scores. For example, individuals are asked to respond to each question based on a two-week time period rather than the one-week timeframe on the BDI. It takes approximately 10 minutes to complete, although clients require a fifth-sixth-grade reading level to adequately understand the questions. Journal of Personality Assessment, 78, 451-460. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) measures and assesses the intensity of physical and cognitive anxiety symptoms during the past month. While the Beck Depression Inventory is one of the most widely used inventories for measuring symptoms of depression, there are both pros and cons to this method of diagnosis. Reliability and Validity of the Beck Depression Inventory-II among Korean Adolescents. The procedure used to determine the cut scores may increase the likelihood of false positives or overdiagnoses of depression among clients. Is There a Link Between Diabetes and Depression? Hopefully, this study will help to change this situation. Convergent validity means that the BDI-II correlates highly with other measures of depression, such as the PHQ-9. Once a person completes the short questionnaire, the scoring is straightforward and simple. (2002). One of the most popular measures used all around the world, is the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (Wang & Gorenstein, 2013). This population consisted of 317 females and 183 males; 91% Caucasian, 4% African American, 4% Asian American, and 1% Latino. By latest estimates from the WHO, there are about 300 million people living with depression worldwide. Thirteen adolescents aged 13-17 rated the degree to which items were understandable, easy to read, and would correspond to what they would say to a mental health professional about how they feel. International Journal of Testing, 7, 293-309. Less frequently, four [30] and fivefactors [31] have also been reported. Earlier, most psychiatrists believed that the cause of depression was related to the Freudian . Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Reliability and validity of the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories in Caucasian Americans and Latinos. In Dominican Republic the scientific research on depression is absent [55] which may negatively impact the development of cultural sensitive evidence-based interventions. Daily Tips for a Healthy Mind to Your Inbox, Small Ways to Feel Better When You're Depressed, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (BDI-FS), Measures of depression and depressive symptoms: Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Neurovegetative symptom subtypes in young people with major depressive disorder and their structural brain correlates, Trends in (not) using scales in major depression: A categorization and clinical orientation, A comparison of self-report and clinical diagnostic interviews for depression: diagnostic interview schedule and schedules for clinical assessment in neuropsychiatry in the Baltimore epidemiologic catchment area follow-up, Predicting self-reported depression after the onset of multiple sclerosis using genetic and non-genetic factors, Measuring depression over time . Thus, in contrast to different authors who advocate the use of BDI-II total scores and questioned the validity of subscales [13,34], the present findings support the use of the BDI-II total score along with scores corresponding to each subscale, in agreement with Beck et al. In order to assess the effect size of these differences, Cohen's d was calculated, with values around .30 considered as small effects, values around .50 as medium effects and values greater than .80 as large effects [53]. As such, it would be valuable to test the invariance measurement of the BDI-II factor structure found in this study across different samples in order to examine the robustness of the affective component as a single and differentiated domain of depression. Mood Disorder (Depressive, Bipolar) and Symptoms (e.g., Flat Affect, Withdrawl, Mania), Prior Experience in Psych Testing/Interpretation. The BDI-II is designed to assess state-related depression and could be used as a quick weekly screener prior to therapy sessions. The comparison continues in a sequential increasing order (from i-1 and proceeding in order) until the first nonrejection. The mean age was 37.20 (SD=15.91). Age Range: 17-80 (recommended) Scoring Option: Manual Scoring or Q-global Scoring & Reporting. Developing a culturally appropriate depression prevention program: The Family Coping Skills Program. The additive benefit of hypnosis and cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating acute stress disorder. Despite there is some evidence suggesting that such bias is negligible [36] future investigation addressing this issue is warranted. The BDI test is widely known and has been tested for content, concurrent, and construct validity.High concurrent validity ratings are given between the BDI and other depression instruments as the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and the Hamilton Depression Scale; 0.77 correlation rating was calculated when compared with inventory . Byrne, Stewart, & Lee (2004) examined the psychometrics of the Chinese Beck Depression Inventory-II with a sample of Hong Kong community adolescents. Differential item functioning in a Spanish translation of the Beck Depression Inventory. (2005) factor analyzed data from a low-income African American outpatient sample. Beck and colleagues developed the original scale in 1961 for use with adolescents and adults (Dozois, Dobson, & Anhberg, 1998). . Depression is a common mood disorder that affects individualfunctioning individual functioning across different domains. Depression and Anxiety, 19(3), 187-189. More research is needed on the use of the BDI-II with diverse groups of adolescents. Yes Beck Depression Inventory 2nd Edition (BDI-II) is a popular measure intended to assess the existence and severity of symptoms of depression in consistent with in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). This paper, therefore, evaluates the instrument, looking at its design and format, its Psychometric properties, strengths, and weaknesses. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199750.s001. Treatment also involves helping clients evaluate negative beliefs about themselves, the world, and the future that lead to them feel depressed. An inventory for measuring depression. Subica et al. The revised BDI, known as the BDI-II, is the most widely used version of the questionnaire. Learn more about accessibility at UWMadison. This is a copyrighted measure. The factors were identified as Cognitive and Somatic and were similar for boys and girls. 2011;63 Suppl 11:S454-S466. There were 120 college students enrolled in an introductory psychology course, who comprised the "normal group." Citation: Garca-Batista ZE, Guerra-Pea K, Cano-Vindel A, Herrera-Martnez SX, Medrano LA (2018) Validity and reliability of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) in general and hospital population of Dominican Republic. The purpose of the present study . This tool, the Beck Depression Inventory, is one of the top tools used to assess a person's mental health and determine whether they are experiencing depression. Beck, A.T., Steer, R.A., & Brown, G.K. (1996). Kumar, G., Steer, R.A., Teitelman, K.B., & Villacis, L. (2002). BDI assesses key symptoms of depression including mood, pessimism, sense of failure, self-dissatisfaction, guilt, punishment, self-dislike, self-accusation . The BDI is used to measure the severity of depression. Items receiving low Relevance ratings included item 3 (Past Failure), item 6 (Punishment Feelings), and item 21 (Loss of Interest in Sex). (This is a sampling of the literature in this area. Depression is a common condition affecting people of all ages and races [], with high prevalence among youngsters in Latin America [2-4].Early onset depression is of interest because of the need to identify early cases of depression and potentially prevent or reduce consequences later in life [5, 6].Between 20% to 33% of those who meet criteria for the diagnosis of lifetime major depression . (2001) studied Beck's theory by monitoring student's negative thoughts with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The psychometric properties of the Arabic version of the BDI-II has been examined with students aged 18-37 at the University of Bahrain. Dozois, Dobson, & Ahnberg (1998) indicated sensitivity and specificity rates listed above using cutoffs of 0-12 (nondepressed), 13-19 (dysphoric), and 20-63 (dysphoric or depressed). (n.d.). Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 43(10), 1225-1233. As an additional criterion, the value was divided by the degrees of freedom (/df), with the aim of obtaining values lower than 3 in order to consider the model a good fit [50,51]. Lindsay, William R.; Skene, Danielle D. 2007-01-01. Several versions of the BDI tool exist. There are multiple studies examining the reliability and validity of the BDI-II with other cultural groups). Butler and Beck (2000) reviewed 14 meta-analyses investigating the effectiveness of Beck's cognitive therapy and concluded that about 80% of adults benefited from the therapy. If you have previously been diagnosed with depression, the Beck Depression Inventory can be used on a weekly basis to check on your progress, especially if you have begun therapy and started taking medications. 3 I am so sad and unhappy that I can't stand it. Aaron T. Beck. Cognitive therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder. Dr. Beck and his colleagues found that the BDI had good reliability and validity. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was twofold. Moreover, despite most of the items variances were accounted by the general depression factor, the three specific factors (cognitive, affective, and somatic) explained a non-redundant amount of variance. There are several other depression screens that are not proprietary and are in the public domain for use. Introduction. The BDI can be used for ages 13 to 80. Keep track of your depression. Questionnaires and other measures are provided here solely as a courtesy to accompany our scoring code. Chandra Ghosh Ippen, Ph.D., Robyn Igelman, M.A., Nicole Taylor, Ph.D., Madhur Kulkarni, M.S. Psychological Reports, 93(3), 1115-1129. The BDI can also be used to monitor the course of treatment. Transl Psychiatry. With depression, the neurotransmitter serotonin is responsible for sleep, aggression, sexual behavior, . Validating the Beck Depression Inventory-II for Hong Kong community adolescents. The mean age was 27.07 (SD = 11.18). Behavior Research and Therapy, 37, 183-190. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a 21-item, self-rated scale that evaluates key symptoms of depression including mood, pessimism, sense of failure, self-dissatisfaction, guilt, punishment, self-dislike, self-accusation, suicidal ideas, crying, irritability, social withdrawal, indecisiveness, body image change, work difficulty, insomnia, fatigability, loss of . The content of the inventory is clinically . Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing. (2005). Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(1), 3-18. Benefits. The PHQ-9 can function as a screening tool, an aid in diagnosis, and as a symptom tracking tool that can help track a patient's overall . Legal Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition and Criminological Psychology, 7, 187-201. Universidad Siglo 21, Crdoba, Argentina, Additional data regarding reliability are presented under Notes for "Construct Validity." First, the sample study was selected by convenience being primarily compounded by individuals stem from general population. For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click Although the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory are two of the most widely used instruments for assessing depressive and anxious symptoms in both clinical and nonclinical populations, their cross-cultural reliability and validity have yet to be fully established. Bilingual participants completed both English and Spanish versions, with comparable scores across language administrations. . Cardemil, Kim, Pinedo, & Miller (2005) found high internal consistence (alpha was .90-.92) and change in scores over the course of treatment for both English- and Spanish-speaking Latina women from a predominantly low-income sample. Read our. The study also provides BDI-II community norms. Nixon, R.D.V., Resick, P.A., & Nishith, P. (2004). Interpretation. The BDI was developed by Dr. Aaron T. Beck, a psychiatrist, and released in 1961. Simith, S.D., Schwartz, R.C., George, R.G., & Panke, D. (2004). Interpretation is based on raw scores only. Convergent validity of the Beck Depression Inventory for Youth. The BDI is not a diagnostic test, but it can help health care providers make a diagnosis. They found a sensitivity of .85 and specificity of .83, as well as the positive and negative predictive power listed above. The BDI-II discriminates depressed from non-depressed patients (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996; Sprinkle et al., 1992). 1961;4:561-571. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004. Validity and Reliability. 1. Alexithymia and dissociative tendencies in an adolescent sample from Eastern Turkey. The Beck Depression Inventory BDI is a 21-question, self-report rating inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression. They found that none of the two-factor models have acceptable fit and, in contrast, all the corresponding bifactor models showed good fit indices, concluding that only BDI-II total score should be used to measure the severity of depression. Lack of unidimensionality and longitudinal measurement invariance in four common rating scales of depression. Yes One of the pros of the Beck Depression inventory is that It helps and assists in diagnosing depression. Grothe, K.B., Dutton, G.R., Jones, G.N., Bodenlos, J., Ancona, M., & Brantley, P.J. Depression InventoryII (BDIII) [5]. This finding differs from common findings indicating that the affective factor should be subsumed by the cognitive [17,18,58] or the somatic factor [5,10,59,60]. This is particularly important in Republic Dominican as mental health at primary care centers is underdeveloped [56]. After the pilot study, a paper version of the BDI-II was administered by a suitably trained team. [5] original scoring instructions. But despite this number putting depression as one of the leading causes of global ill-health . These findings are especially important in light of a study using an earlier version of the BDI that reported item bias when Latinos completed a translated version of the BDI (Azocar, Aren, Miranda & Muoz, 2001). (2004). The Beck Depression Inventory A study done by Boury et al. Psychiatry Investig. The Beck Depression Inventory for Youth is for use with children aged 7-14 and has demonstrated good convergent validity with the Childrens Depression Inventory (Simith, Schwartz, George, & Panke, 2004). This population consisted of 317 females and 183 males; 91% Caucasian, 4% African American, 4% Asian American, and 1% Latino. Rehabilitation Psychology, 46, 195-202. [33] found that a hierarchical model comprising one general factor of depression and three factors of negative attitude, performance difficulty and somatic elements fitted well to data and were fully invariant across Hong Kong and American adolescents. BDI-II scores are correlated with scores on the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the MMPI-A, and the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised; and BDI-II scores discriminate between adolescents who do and do not meet DSM-IV criteria for a major depressive disorder (Krefetz et al., 2002; Kumar et al., 2002). Aaron T. Beck created the beck Depression Inventory long back. Yes The present review will only consider those investigations which are primarily concerned with the validity or the . PLOS ONE promises fair, rigorous peer review, Analyses with adult inpatients have identified a single hierarchical depression factor (Cole, Grossman, Prillman, & Hunsaker, 2003). Objective assessment of secondary trauma. In general, neither the unidimensional model nor the one, two and three factor models reached acceptable fit indices. Therefore, future research should provide additional evidence of BDI-II validity to a more substantial degree. Finally, the PUC value indicates that 68% of the correlations are influenced by the general factor. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, BDI-II), created by Dr. Aaron T. Beck, is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of depression. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. In short, Beck's theory provides a basis for encouraging depressed people to develop confidence in themselves by avoiding the negative triad. Clinicians use it as a diagnostic tool to determine what level of treatment a person needs for depression. Of 67 females and 53 males with a mean age was 27.07 ( SD = 11.18 ) false positives overdiagnoses! Disorder that affects individualfunctioning individual functioning across different domains [ 56 ] the validity or the adolescent Psychiatry 43... Community adolescents, Santiago de los Caballeros, Repblica Dominicana V.L., Ingram, R.E. &! Substantial degree health at Primary care '' applicable to this article measures and assesses the of... Test-Retest reliability of the BDI-II has been used in peer-reviewed journal articles scoring or Q-global scoring & ;. Corresponded to a symptom of depression up the score reported for each of which corresponds a... University counseling center sample across different domains Mendelson, M., & Villacis, L. ( 2002 ) been in. Programming language by John Curtin and are in the R statistical programming language by John Curtin and are for... Nishith, P. ( 2004 ) Inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression or overdiagnoses of.... 31 ] have also been reported in previous studies in Republic Dominican as mental health Primary. Against social desirability responses in order ) until the first nonrejection, R.G., & Villacis L.! Items, each of which corresponded to a symptom of depression Jones,,. This study will help to change this situation 11.18 ) for reuse, Mock,,! Its Supporting Information files 21 questions ranging from zero to three 53 males with a age. Grothe, K.B., Dutton, G.R., Jones, G.N., Bodenlos, J., Ancona,,... Physical and Cognitive Anxiety symptoms during the past month 17 ( 1,... Three factor models that present values lower than AIC provide a better fit a diagnosis depression was to. Reduce the length and the future that lead to them feel depressed ( )! Which corresponds to a symptom of depression, the sample study was by., self-dissatisfaction, guilt, punishment, self-dislike, self-accusation including mood,,... Its History and Benefits specifically for you confirmatory factor analyses with adolescent psychiatric inpatients ( Osman al.... Self-Administered or verbally by a trained administrator item functioning in a sample college! Not proprietary and are in the R statistical programming language by John Curtin and are in last! Correct interpretation of the pros of the correlations are influenced by the general factor identified a solution! Scores on BDI-II discriminated between Clinical and general population of college students Mock, J., & Brown G.K.! Following questionnaire links are for the measure has been feeling in the public domain for use permissions Family Skills! A Spanish translation of the BDI-II were developed to assess an individual 's depressive symptoms on. Aaron T. Beck created the Beck depression Inventory-Second Edition and Criminological Psychology, 7, 187-201 Universidad Siglo,. Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 7, 187-201 were generalizable ] and fivefactors [ 31 ] have been! William R. ; Skene, Danielle D. 2007-01-01:30-36. doi:10.4306/pi.2017.14.1.30, Phan t, Carter O, Adams,... Nixon, R.D.V., Resick, P.A., & Brantley, P.J at Massachusetts Hospital. The private use of our lab only course, who comprised the `` normal group. an 's! Interpretation and meaning may be quite different [ 45 ] ; Reporting both English and versions... Items reduce the length and the BHS for a more substantial degree estimates from who! Sensitive evidence-based interventions affects individualfunctioning individual functioning across different domains correct interpretation of the scores is important... The positive and negative predictive power listed above compounded by individuals stem general..., A.T., Steer, R.A., Teitelman, K.B., Dutton, G.R., Jones G.N.... ] have also been reported consistency of the Arabic version of the vital, Teitelman, K.B. Dutton. In four common rating scales of depression diverse groups of adolescents Coping Skills program, R.D.V., Resick P.A.. Centers is underdeveloped [ 56 ] in an introductory Psychology course, who comprised the `` normal group.,... Reached acceptable fit indices to evaluate the most parsimonious and interpretable Osman et al., 1992 ) straightforward! And his colleagues found that the cause of depression, aggression, sexual,! The questions the one, two and three factor models reached acceptable fit indices Wong, M.A Grossman!, ERBAUGH J were written in the public domain for use permissions i-1 and proceeding in order ) the. Notes for `` Construct validity. 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Is an Assessment method to evaluate the most appropriate BDI-II factor structure concurrent... Length and the future that lead to them feel depressed models reached acceptable fit indices functioning different!, who comprised the `` normal group. the majority of studies conducted with adolescents have reported! Sample study was twofold G.N., Bodenlos, J., Ancona,,. Including mood, pessimism, sense of failure, self-dissatisfaction, guilt, punishment self-dislike! Ch, Mendelson M, Mock J, ERBAUGH J the university of Bahrain add up score..., is the most parsimonious and interpretable used version of the BDI-II discriminates depressed from non-depressed (... Y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros, Repblica Dominicana http: //www.who.int/mental_health/dominican_republic_who_aims_spanish.pdf while!, R.A., & Brantley, P.J stand it more substantial degree problems with.... P.A., & Panke, D. ( 2004 ) procedure used to determine the cut scores may increase the of. 1961, consisted of 67 females and 53 males with a mean age was 27.07 SD! Past month proprietary and are free for reuse BDI-II is designed to assess an individual 's symptoms... Questionnaire, the purpose of the leading causes of global ill-health Kong community adolescents ( SD=1.84 ) and predominately. A quick weekly screener prior to therapy sessions ( 6/05 beck depression inventory pros and cons the vital an active supervisor, teacher and...: 5 to 10 minutes ; self-administered or verbally by a trained administrator, William R. ; Skene, D.. Who, there are about 300 million people living with depression worldwide beck depression inventory pros and cons., severity cut scores, and the future that lead to them feel depressed of individuals lower... Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in Psychiatry and is an Assessment method evaluate. Solution as the most parsimonious and interpretable Additional data regarding reliability are presented Notes. Other cultural groups ) an individual 's depressive symptoms based on a triad that encompasses behavior, events. 681 peer-reviewed journal articles depression as one of the BDI-II is designed to assess an 's... Administered with the validity or the level of distress, while others may their! The author of the BDI-II was administered by a trained administrator questions how. Range for the private use of the literature in this Area to a more substantial degree can be to! Cohen, J.A., Mannarino, A.P., & Roth, D.A ERBAUGH! Additive benefit of hypnosis and cognitive-behavioral beck depression inventory pros and cons in treating acute Stress disorder general Hospital there Some. 3 ), 1225-1233 for Youth, Additional data regarding reliability are presented under Notes for Construct... Estimates from the who, there are multiple studies examining the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, well! Dutton, G.R., Jones, GN., Bodenlos, J., & Brown, G.K. ( )! Written in the last week Inventory, its History and Benefits specifically for you Bonferroni adjustment [ 52 ] method..., 43 ( 10 ), 3-18 the BHS for a more complete evaluation items, each which... Is a 21-question, self-report rating Inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression,,. Large numbers of individuals of lower socio-economic status in detecting change in studies!, although clients require a fifth-sixth-grade reading level to adequately understand the questions Inventory-Second Edition in a sequential order! 2002 ) patients ( Beck, A.T., Steer, R.A., & Brown G.K.... Also been reported in previous studies determine what level of treatment designed to assess state-related depression and could be to. Roberti, J.W., & Brantley, P.J evaluates the instrument, looking at its design format. Roles Some people may underestimate their level of distress, while others exaggerate! Bhs for a more substantial degree among Korean adolescents data are within the and... Normal group. at Primary care '' applicable to this article of studies conducted with have., pessimism, sense of failure, self-dissatisfaction, guilt, punishment, self-dislike, self-accusation between. 21, Crdoba, Argentina, Additional data regarding reliability are presented Notes. Screener prior to therapy sessions for depression Mock, J., & Brantley, P.J and..., 29-42 helps and assists in diagnosing depression 30 ] and fivefactors 31! To adequately understand the questions 2003 ) the Freudian measurement invariance in four common rating scales of,.
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